Which of the following categories of organisms is NOT known to produce viable polyploids? c. usually sterile because of proper chromosome segregation. Match each phrase with the correct wocabulary word from the list. Individuals taken either from areas where they meet or areas where they do not meet will rarely mate in the lab because the females reject the songs sung by males of the other species. e. All of the above are true; none is false. Hint: In temporal isolation, two species that breed during different times of the day cannot mix their gametes. d. two organisms that have incompatible gametes. These proteins have a lock key fit to ensure only the members of the same species can mate with each other. d. bent grass. e. sympatric speciation, Abrupt genetic changes that quickly lead to the reproductive isolation of a group of individuals is likely to lead to c. an individual lacking one or more sets of chromosomes; plants Two fruit flies of different species produce sterile offspring. One species performs a specific courtship dance. There are many barriers that prevent mating between different species, all of which can be divided up into two categories: prezygotic barriers and postzygotic barriers. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. c. Behavioral isolation a. lineage Key: a. habitat isolation b. temporal isolation c. behavioral isolation d. mechanical isolation e. gamete isolation f. zygote mortality g. hybrid sterility h. low F2 . d. Both a and b What do ligers, zebroids, grolars, and wholphins all have in common, other than silly-sounding names? b. Reinforcement is much more likely in animals than in plants. a. In cases of gametic isolation, however, the animals do come into contact, but the gametes (reproductive cells) are not compatible. Rank the following isolating mechanisms with respect to their time of occurrence in the life cycle, from earliest to latest. a. an individual getting one or more additional sets of chromosomes; plants e. None of the above, The apple and the hawthorn groups of Rhagoletis flies display both behavioral and _______ isolation. Mechanical. e. behavioral isolation. e. None of the above, The experiments by Rice and Salt with fruit flies showed that c. cannot produce offspring with intermediate characteristics. A zygote is a fertilized egg cell that is formed through the union of two reproductive cells.. 'Prezygotic' means before the formation of the zygote. A species is a group of organisms that can interbreed or exchange genes. Which of the following is not an example? d. Reproductive isolation is not "all-or-nothing"; intermediate levels of reproductive isolation can be found. b. experience gene flow, which mixes their genetic material That was a lot of vocabulary and information! The following data were obtained for flow of 20C water at 20 m/h through a badly corroded 5-cm-diameter pipe that slopes downward at an angle of 8: a. d. usually fertile because of improper chromosome segregation. e. All of the above, Natural selection never directly favors the evolution of which of the following types of reproductive isolating barriers? e. None of the above. The species exhibit prezygotic reproductive isolation. b. an area where two populations may breed and produce inviable, fertile offspring b. a hybridization event. A. DNA dating B. Molecular dating C. Radiometric dating D. Modern . a. mallard ducks. b. The factor being measured in an experiment. reproductive isolation is what two barriers? Gametic isolation is a type of prezygotic barrier where the gametes (egg and sperm) come into contact, but no fertilization takes place. a. Allopolyploidy involves disruptive selection. Which of the following conditions is least likely to lead to geographic isolation, hence inhibiting allopatric speciation? a. adapt to the environment. b. Crocuses that bloom in the early spring and marigolds that bloom in the summer would definitely experience which type of isolation? To answer this, it is important to understand what gametes and zygotes are. b. hybrid zones b. Behavioral isolation b. are potentially capable of exchanging genes. c. two organisms that have different habitats. e. Carolus Linnaeus. 2. a. sympatric speciation. _____ is the gradual adaptation of a population to its environment. chemical pheromones (moths, humans). Mechanical- Mechanical isolation is probably the simplest concept, that keeps individuals from being able to reproduce offspring with each other. a. a genetic divergence that results in nonviable offspring. These species thus exhibit _______ isolation. The Red-legged Frog (Rana draytonii) Tends to breed in large, permanent ponds. So, if two different species mate, the sperm may be unable to recognize the egg. When they successfully fuse during fertilization, DNA from both parents is combined into the offspring genome. Strong selection against hybrids e. Both b and c. Which of the following statements about polyploidy is true? Some female peacocks prefer males with large, colorful tales while other female peacocks prefer males with no tail at all. -Can occur quickly. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. a. ring species c. hawkmoths show equal preference for the two species if the flowers of A. formosa are turned upright. The notion of potentiality in Mayr's definition of "potentially interbreeding" species applies mainly to populations of organisms that are d. observing the mating rituals of the two organisms. e. sympatric, Females of the species Drosophila pseudoobscura respond less well to courtship signals from males of their close relative D. persimilis than they do to those of males of their own species. e. Adaptive radiation, Mules are an example of which type of reproductive isolation? For example, a peculiar form of temporal isolation has been observed between two closely related species of cicadas of the genus Magicicada in the United States. e. None of the above, Despite inhabiting overlapping ranges, the western spotted skunk and the eastern spotted skunk do not interbreed, partly because the western species breeds in early fall and the eastern species breeds in late winter to early spring. If two species of lizards do not mate because their mating rituals differ greatly, this is known as a. hybrid breakdown and temporal isolation a. e. founder effects, genetic drift and adaptive radiation. a. Temporal isolation If false, make it a correct . c. parapatric speciation d. These toads are poor dispersers. c. have chromosomes that usually segregate unevenly during meiosis. . a. sympatric. e. vary in appearance due to human interference. Hybrids are formed when two species are related closely enough that pre-zygotic barriers do not prevent successful fertilization. The _______ species concept holds that "species are groups of actually or potentially interbreeding natural populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups." c. biological e. A tetraploid individual usually can produce viable offspring by mating with a diploid individual. d. anagenesis a. Behavioral It contains both pre-zygotic and post zygotic forms of isolation, including explanations and examples. The moths exhibit prezygotic reproductive isolation. -offspring mate to other hybrids or backbreed, offspring either: don't survive, sterile (ex. b. ecological isolation. What conclusions can be drawn from the studies on bent grass in a copper-polluted field and the neighboring population in a non-polluted field? b. temporal two populations of finches that have different feather colors . One species of frog mates in April; another mates in May. Gametic isolation is when the gametes are not compatible. Let's review some important concepts and terms. The habitats of "birds of paradise" in New Guinea are on mountains separated by e. Both a and b. For example, surface proteins on the eggs of one species prevent sperm of the wrong species from entering. e. Both a and c. In Rice and Salt's experiments, flies became reproductively isolated from one another mainly because of a. c. Mechanical isolation Examples are mules which are hybrids between a donkey and a horse, a liger which are hybrids between a lion and a tiger, and a grolar which is a hybrid between a polar bear and a grizzly bear. b. not have a normal lifespan. d. Genetic divergence, reproductive isolation, geographic barrier d. polyploidy All of the following are common polyploidy crops EXCEPT: Some of the work with Hawaiian fruit flies illustrated the presence of a, The morphological species concept would relate more to. c. genetic drift. For example, the sex organs would be incompatible in terms of size (i.e., chihuauha vs Great Dane; orchids and pollinators); Gametic isolation - the sperm and egg are incompatible; Behavioral isolation - unique mating signals or courtship rituals; Which of the following is a likely reason for the diversification of Lake Malawai cichilds? The studies demonstrated the existence of reinforcement operating between these species. a. founder effects Two host races of apple maggots have appeared within the past 100 years. What is the definition of a species cluster? The various species concepts are mutually exclusive. In this model of a coral life cycle you can see how broadcast spawning leads to a fertilization, the formation of a zygote, an embryo, a larvae and eventually a juvenile coral. e. All of the above are true; none is false. This is usually a specific process allowing only individuals of the same species to Biology is full of exceptions and occasionally a hybrid does form, but often that hybrid is not its own species and can not reproduce and pass on its genes. a. are reproductively isolated. Similarly, Pintail duck and Mallard duck also show ethological isolation. The frame supports a 6kN6-\text{kN}6kN load at CCC. d. Neither a nor b Birds Stabilizing selection c. Hybrid infertility In some cases, complete reproductive isolation requires millions of years. Gametes of different species may fail to attract one another. Example: Gametic isolation separates certain closely related species of aquatic animals, such as sea urchins (g). b. different mating rituals c. produce fertile offspring under laboratory conditions only. Females produce gametes that are called eggs and males produce gametes that are called sperm. e. prezygotic barrier. c. Natural selection the evolutionary process through which new species emerge. If the sperm is not recognized then fertilization does not occur. e. snails of quite similar appearance that are shown to be different species via reproductive isolation. b. fierce predators. d. Heavy bills for twisting apart wood to reach larvae inside d. Adult toads found there are very adept at traveling long distances. Genetics and Heredity in Biology: Help and Review, Genetic Manipulation: Definition, Pros & Cons, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, Prezygotic Barriers and Postzygotic Barriers, Basic Science Lab Skills: Help and Review, Inorganic Chemistry Review for High School Biology: Help and Review, Essentials of Cell Biology: Help and Review, Requirements of Biological Systems: Help and Review, Cell Division in Biology: Help and Review, Nucleic Acids - DNA and RNA - in Biology: Help and Review, The Steps of DNA Replication: Help and Review, Transcription and Translation of Nucleic Acids: Help and Review, Mendel's First Law: The Law of Segregation, Mendel's Second Law: The Law of Independent Assortment, Mendel's Dihybrid Cross Example: Practice & Ratio, Exceptions to Simple Dominance: Codominance and Incomplete Dominance, Exceptions to Independent Assortment: Sex-Linked and Sex-Limited Traits, Crossing Over & Gene Linkage: Definition, Importance & Results, Human Genetics: Multifactorial Traits & Model Organisms, What is Color Blindness? Ecological barriers happen when individuals occupy different parts of an ecosystem and do not interact. What is the most likely explanation for these results? (11.6,11.7)(11.6,11.7)(11.6,11.7). c. Asexual scale insects e. behavioral isolation, Studies of the columbines Aquilegia formosa and A. pubescens illustrate that a. b. Prezygotic isolation against hybridization e. temporal isolation. c. habitat isolation. d. genes for the host plant choice change and genes for mating preferences change. e. sympatric, Which of the following types of reproductive isolating mechanisms would most likely arise from the coevolution of male and female reproductive organs in two sympatric populations of insects? e. Both a and c, Suppose one incipient species of beetle prefers to live and mate in grassy areas and its sibling incipient species prefers sandy soils. e. None of the above, Which of the following statements about Rhagoletis pomonella is true? gametes of different species meet but do not fuse to form a zygote. a. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. Monosaccharide VS Disaccharide VS Polysacchar, Chuck Carter, Julia Johnson, Paul Morin, Stephen Reynolds, BIO 110 - Exam #4 Study Guide Application Que. c. habitat b. b. The apple-feeding type has evolved a genetic preference for the scent of apples. b. cladogenesis Genetic drift b. hybrid zone d. Strong dispersal capacity of the organism The pH, salinity and other factors can play a role in preventing the sperm from successfully fertilizing an egg. c. Five snail fossils taken from the same locality during a time span that extends for 400,000 years a. Gametic 8. d. They often involve differences in the shapes and sizes of reproductive organs of the different species. e. anagenesis. What mechanism seemed to separate the "birds of paradise" in New Guinea? e. sympatric. This includes incorrect surface proteins or hostile conditions of the reproductive tract for the gamete. Mule, a cross between a female horse and a male donkey. b. biological 35. b. a group of species that developed host races d. Both a and b Answer the following questions as you read modules 14.1-14.3: 1. c. The hybrid zone has persisted for a long time. Define and describe a biological species and the associated problems (remembering) 2. c. Polyploidy is a frequent cause of speciation. Find the power produced and the rate of entropy generation. A species is a group of interbreeding organisms that can create viable offspring that are fertile. High School Physical Science: Homework Help Resource, NY Regents Exam - Chemistry: Help and Review, High School Physics: Homework Help Resource, Glencoe Chemistry - Matter And Change: Online Textbook Help, TExMaT Master Science Teacher 8-12 (092): Practice & Study Guide, General Studies Earth & Space Science: Help & Review, General Studies Health Science: Help & Review, Create an account to start this course today. Which of the following is not a prezygotic reproductive isolating barrier? d. produce fertile offspring under normal circumstances. d. All of the above e. All of the above are true; none is false. This is an example of _______ isolation. the other species does not. sympatic; accidents in cell division that resulted in extra set(s) of chromosomes (polyploidy), accident in cell division that results in extra sets of chromosomes. They may involve a pollinator in plants. b. behavioral isolation. a. Temporal isolation e. All are equally likely to lead to geographic isolation. e. Mechanical, Suppose one rodent species prefers to live on the beach and a closely related species prefers to live on higher ground. Which of the following would pose a major difficulty for the biological species concept? He taught most recently in Colorado and is a licensed secondary science teacher. Low hybrid zygotic viability, behavioral isolation, gametic isolation a. 60 seconds. e. Reproductive isolation, genetic divergence, geographic barrier, Which of the following factors led to the diversification of Darwin's finches? Based on the information above, which of the following statements is true? Explain your answer. Which of these is an example of a Prezygotic Barrier? It is difcult for gametes of different species, such as the red and pur-ple urchins shown here, to fuse because proteins on . biological barrier are either what two things? The term 'hybrid' can also mean the cross between different varieties within a species but for this lesson, we'll use it to mean a cross between two separate species. c. an unreduced gamete is formed and allopolyploidy is present. d. have different evolutionary ancestries. b. gametic isolation. Which of the following statements best supports the "species concept"? d. Both a and b This is an example of 1 point mechanical isolation gametic isolation temporal isolation . - Definition, Types & Function, What Is the F2 Generation? b. Ernst Mayr Two different species of fruit flies mate at different times of the day. a. Does the form of the potential energy curve of 2,2-dimethylpropane more closely resemble that of ethane or that of butane? d. morphological species concept. e. phylogenetic species concept. Many different biological factors can result in reproductive isolation. Estimate (a) the roughness ratio of the pipe and (b) the percentage change in head loss if the pipe were smooth and the flow rate the same.
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